Небольшая статья от Baron Schwartz, основателя VividCortex с определением терминов Monitoring, Analytics, Diagnostics, Observability и Root Cause Analysis.
TL;DR: Monitoring is the process of observing systems and testing whether they function correctly. Analytics is the process of turning data (usually behavioral data) into insights. Observability is the property of a system that supports analytics. Diagnostics is the process of determining what’s wrong with a system, and also relies on observability. Root cause analysis is corporate mumbo jumbo.
https://goo.gl/XwU8jWИ его же более ранняя статья про то, что Monitoring это не Observability.
https://goo.gl/bFwuNx